{"id":2965,"date":"2024-04-29T09:40:30","date_gmt":"2024-04-29T07:40:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/?p=2965"},"modified":"2026-04-23T11:00:35","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T09:00:35","slug":"case-presentation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/case-presentation\/","title":{"rendered":"Case presentation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A 3-year-old female patient presented with severe abdominal pain that had been recurring for 8 days.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She had already visited the paediatric emergency department twice in the previous 4 days. A urine test and an abdominal ultrasound were unremarkable. Suspecting constipation, the patient was sent home with a laxative (Macrogol) and painkillers. Two weeks before the current episode, the patient had diarrhoea and fever for 2 days.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The patient suffered from abdominal pain, especially at night. She woke up 2\u20133 times per night with severe pain and, according to her parents, a hard abdomen. Painkillers such as ibuprofen and paracetamol brought no improvement. There was no fever, vomiting or diarrhoea at that time. Eating and drinking behaviour was normal. The girl was fully immunised according to German recommendations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The physical examination revealed an active and cheerful child, with no significant findings. The abdomen was soft on palpation, with increased bowel sounds.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An ultrasound scan showed bowel loops filled with faeces and fluid, as well as a small amount of free fluid.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gastroenteritis, i.e. a gastrointestinal infection, was suspected. The patient was evaluated within the <a href=\"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/pediatric-cardiology-in-marbella\/\">paediatrics department in Marbella<\/a>. A PCR stool test was performed and returned positive for rotavirus, confirming the diagnosis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Rotaviruses<\/strong> are transmitted via various routes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">contaminated water and food<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">faecal-oral transmission<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">droplet infection<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These viruses are highly resistant and can survive on surfaces for days. Even a small number of pathogens can trigger infection.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The disease is most common in Europe between February and April and primarily affects infants and young children.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The incubation period is 1\u20133 days. The infection may be mild or severe, potentially causing diarrhoea, fever and abdominal pain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>In infants and young children, rotavirus infections tend to be more severe<\/strong>, often with sudden watery diarrhoea, vomiting and risk of rapid dehydration.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Due to fluid loss, hospitalisation may be required to ensure proper hydration, often coordinated through <a href=\"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/family-medicine-and-home-visits\/\">family medicine<\/a> or paediatric care.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In developed countries, severe complications are rare, although hospitalisation is still common in young children.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diagnosis is confirmed by detecting the virus in stool samples. There is no specific causal treatment, and management focuses on hydration.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vaccination against rotavirus is available and significantly reduces severe cases.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While mild side effects may occur, vaccination is considered safe. The risk of complications such as intussusception is low and actually higher in natural infections.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In cases of persistent digestive symptoms or diagnostic uncertainty, further evaluation by specialists in <a href=\"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/gastroenterology-and-endoscopy\/\">gastroenterology<\/a> may be required.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The patient recovered completely.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-1963 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Dr.-Laura-Schrors-2024-home-150x150.webp\" alt=\"Dr. Laura Schrors Marbella\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Dr.-Laura-Schrors-2024-home-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Dr.-Laura-Schrors-2024-home.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/> <\/p>\n<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Dr. Med. Laura Schr\u00f6rs &#8211; Adolescent Medicine and Paediatrics<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A 3-year-old female patient presented with severe abdominal pain that had been recurring for 8 days. She had already visited the paediatric emergency department twice in the previous 4 days. A urine test and an abdominal ultrasound were unremarkable. Suspecting constipation, the patient was sent home with a laxative (Macrogol) and painkillers. Two weeks before [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2966,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[76],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2965"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2965"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2965\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6884,"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2965\/revisions\/6884"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2966"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2965"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2965"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/germanclinic.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2965"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}